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The Shroomverse alien looking over green hills and a turquoise bay on St. Croix.

SPECIES ATLAS · PANAEOLUS

Panaeolus antillarum

Named by (Fr.) Dennis, 1961

Psilocybin record: disputed

A history of a name and a chemistry record, not an identification guide. No name, picture or description can show that a wild mushroom is safe, and poisonous mushrooms are mistaken for magic mushrooms. If someone may have eaten a wild mushroom, call a poison centre without waiting for symptoms: 1-844-POISON-X in most of Canada, 1-800-463-5060 in Quebec. Call 911 if they’re unconscious, not breathing or having a seizure.

How it was named.

Fries described Agaricus antillarum in 1828 in Elenchus Fungorum from a Benzon collection from the Virgin Islands. Dennis moved it to Panaeolus in 1961 (Kew Bulletin 15: 124).

Named
(Fr.) Dennis, 1961
First published as
Agaricus antillarum Fr. (1828)
Other names in the records
Agaricus antillarum Fr., Anellaria antillarum (Fr.) Hlaváček, Panaeolus sepulcralis Berk., Panaeolus solidipes Peck, Psilocybe antillarum (Fr.) Sacc.
Type specimen
Virgin Islands (Index Fungorum: Benzon s.n.); He et al. 2026 name St. Croix. (Index Fungorum record, Agaricus antillarum; pin = Wikidata coordinates (Q642481))
The pin marks the type locality at the level of detail the record gives: one historical collection, not a range or a place to look. Land outlines: Natural Earth.

The psilocybin record.

Every analysis we could verify, oldest first, including results that found nothing. No amounts are given: they vary between collections and this is not a potency guide.

  1. 2014

    Not detected No psilocybin or psilocin in samples from Poland (Halama et al. 2014, as reported by He et al. 2026)

    Method: not read (paper not opened). Halama et al. 2014, Cryptogam. Mycol. 35: 3-22 (Crossref metadata; text not read)

  2. 2015

    Reported Psilocybin and psilocin in samples from Taiwan (Wang & Tzean 2015, as reported by He et al. 2026)

    Method: not read (paper not opened). He et al. 2026, IMA Fungus 17: e167329 (full text PMC12835877)

  3. 2026

    Not detected Psilocybin not detected in a Chinese specimen (HMAS52750)

    Method: HPLC-MS. He et al. 2026, IMA Fungus 17: e167329 (full text PMC12835877)

What the record doesn’t show: Results conflict between regions, and both earlier papers were read only through He et al. 2026.

Records on file.

GBIF, the global biodiversity database, held 2,608 occurrence records under this name, 2 of them from Canada, when we checked on October 25, 2026. GBIF lists 2 occurrence records from Canada under this name (checked 2026-10-25); the records are not verified identifications. Records include unverified observations and old misidentifications, so counts show where people have recorded the name, not where it grows.

See the name on GBIF

Sources

Compiled from the sources above; last checked .

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