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SPECIES ATLAS · PANAEOLINA

Panaeolina foenisecii

Named by (Pers.) Maire, 1933

Psilocybin record: disputed

A history of a name and a chemistry record, not an identification guide. No name, picture or description can show that a wild mushroom is safe, and poisonous mushrooms are mistaken for magic mushrooms. If someone may have eaten a wild mushroom, call a poison centre without waiting for symptoms: 1-844-POISON-X in most of Canada, 1-800-463-5060 in Quebec. Call 911 if they’re unconscious, not breathing or having a seizure.

How it was named.

Persoon described Agaricus foenisecii in 1800, typified by one of his own plates. Schröter moved it to Panaeolus and Maire to Panaeolina in 1933, the name Index Fungorum and GBIF accept; He et al. 2026 treat Panaeolina as part of Panaeolus and use Panaeolus foenisecii.

Named
(Pers.) Maire, 1933
First published as
Agaricus foenisecii Pers. (1800)
Other names in the records
Agaricus foenisecii Pers., Panaeolus foenisecii (Pers.) J. Schröt., Psathyrella foenisecii (Pers.) A.H. Sm., Psilocybe foenisecii (Pers.) Quél.
Type specimen
No locality: Persoon's name is typified by his plate (Icones et Descriptiones Fungorum Minus Cognitorum, Tab. XI, fig. 1). (Index Fungorum record, Agaricus foenisecii)
The record we cite gives no map position for the type specimen. Land outlines: Natural Earth.

The psilocybin record.

Every analysis we could verify, oldest first, including results that found nothing. No amounts are given: they vary between collections and this is not a potency guide.

  1. 1969

    Reported Psilocybin reported ('additional evidence supporting the occurrence of psilocybin')

    Method: not read (paper not opened). Robbers, Tyler & Ola'h 1969, Lloydia 32: 399-400 (Europe PMC record; no abstract)

  2. 2022

    Not detected No psilocybin, psilocin or related tryptamines in eight fruiting bodies from two collections; the authors cite a review suggesting earlier positives were misidentified P. cinctulus

    Method: UHPLC-MS/MS. Gotvaldová et al. 2022, Int. J. Mol. Sci. 23: 14068 (full text PMC9693126)

  3. 2026

    Not detected Psilocybin not detected in a Chinese specimen (ZRL20210662)

    Method: HPLC-MS. He et al. 2026, IMA Fungus 17: e167329 (full text PMC12835877)

What the record doesn’t show: Older positive reports are not backed by the two modern analyses, and misidentification is the leading explanation offered.

Records on file.

GBIF, the global biodiversity database, held 17,349 occurrence records under this name, 422 of them from Canada, when we checked on October 25, 2026. GBIF lists 422 occurrence records from Canada under this name (checked 2026-10-25); the records are not verified identifications. Records include unverified observations and old misidentifications, so counts show where people have recorded the name, not where it grows.

See the name on GBIF

Sources

Compiled from the sources above; last checked .

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